Opensignal is the independent global standard for analyzing consumers' connectivity experiences. Our industry reports are the definitive guide to understanding what happens when people use their mobile and broadband connections in their daily life.
Opensignal is the independent global standard for analyzing consumers' connectivity experiences. Our industry reports are the definitive guide to understanding what happens when people use their mobile and broadband connections in their daily life.
Jio is named India’s Best Network, winning eight awards outright and sharing one award — nine wins in total (including one joint win) — and it further strengthens its lead in Download Speed Experience, delivering nearly twice Airtel’s download speeds. This outcome reflects a broader improvement in national network performance, with India now ranking among the top 10 large land area countries globally for Download Speed in the Global Network Excellence Index (Q4 2025).
In this report, Airtel secures five total wins, including one joint award. It remains the leader in the Overall Experience categories—winning Games Experience, Voice App Experience, and Upload Speed Experience outright—and sharing Video Experience with Jio. It also wins the top spot for 5G Upload Speed, with a score of 19.3Mbps, leading second-placed Vi on 17Mbps by 2Mbps.
Vi makes the biggest step-change in this report, capturing three of the five 5G Experience awards — 5G Video Experience, 5G Games Experience, and 5G Voice App Experience — after winning none in the last report. However, the 5G speed and 5G coverage awards continue to favour Jio and Airtel, indicating that Vi’s 5G footprint is still scaling relative to the larger national rollouts of its rivals.
Jio wins both the Reliability Experience and Consistent Quality awards outright, scoring 864 points (on a 100–1000 scale) for Reliability Experience and 68.9% for Consistent Quality. This lead indicates Jio users are most likely to connect and successfully complete everyday tasks, and they more frequently receive “good enough” performance for more demanding mobile app use.
With 400+ million 5G users by end-2025, India’s 5G race moved from “who launched first” to who can keep performance steady at scale. This momentum has translated into measurable outcomes: in the latest Q4 2025 results published for our Global Network Excellence Index, India ranks among the top 10 large area countries globally for mobile download speed. This growth was supported by rapid buildout as the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) reports 518,854 5G sites deployed as of the end of 2025, supporting the next phase of 5G maturity—converting widespread coverage into consistent, high-quality user experience as traffic grows. These gains reflect recent regulatory actions and sustained investment in India’s mobile networks, critical in a market where a large share of the population relies on mobile services as their primary means of internet access. Mobile operators such as Jio have been central to translating this scale into performance, supported by the regulator-led policy environment that has enabled rapid rollout and service quality at national scale.
That “execution phase” is now visible in market behavior: TRAI reports 1,187.48 million wireless subscribers (including FWA) as of November 2025, and 14.69 million Mobile Number Portability (MNP) requests in the same month — clear evidence that at scale, customers will actively switch based on lived network experience, not rollout claims.
Jio is leveraging its nationwide 5G Standalone (SA) footprint to extend broad leadership, reporting that 5G now carries more than 50% of its total wireless data traffic. While Airtel differentiates through experience management and targeted densification, it added over 20,841 mobile broadband base stations in the quarter ended September 2025—around one-third of the 60,611 it added across FY2024–25 reinforcing capacity in high-demand areas.
Conversely, Vi has made a meaningfull progress in the 5G commercial deployment — adding 23 cities and delivering competitive performance where 5G has gone live. Although Vi still operates at a smaller scale relative to the other private operators, these network expansions — coupled with affordable 5G pricing strategies — represent a real shift from its earlier lagging position. Meanwhile, state-owned Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) is accelerating modernization using domestically developed network technology, bringing nearly 98,000 4G sites online that can be upgraded to 5G via software—creating a clearer path to a competitive high-speed offering in 2026.
In this report we examine the mobile network experience of the four main mobile network operators in India — Airtel, BSNL, Jio and Vi — over a period of 90 days starting on October 1, 2025, and ending on December 29, 2025, to see how they fared.
After Airtel won the Video Experience award in the previous report, this time Airtel and Jio share the award with statistically tied scores of 64.9-65 points on a 100-point scale, leading third-placed Vi by around three points (62 points). BSNL ranks fourth with 46.3 points. Since the last report, BSNL’s score has risen by four points, while Airtel, Vi and Jio have each fallen by one point. Vi, Airtel and Jio are all in the Good (58-68) category, whereas BSNL is two categories lower in Poor (under 48). A Good (58-68) rating indicates that users are, on average, able to stream video at 720p or better with satisfactory loading times and little stalling, while a Poor (under 48) rating means users, on average, face very high loading times or high levels of stalling, or can only stream at resolutions below 720p. Video Experience scores account for adaptive bitrate streaming (ABR), a technology that allows Opensignal to accurately represent users’ real video experience including video streams up to 4K quality.
Opensignal’s Video Experience quantifies the quality of video streamed to mobile devices by measuring real-world video streams over an operator's networks. The metric is based on an International Telecommunication Union (ITU) approach, built upon detailed studies which have derived a relationship between technical parameters, including picture quality, video loading time and stall rate, with the perceived video experience as reported by real people. To calculate video experience, we are directly measuring video streams from end-user devices and using this ITU approach to quantify the overall video experience for each operator on a scale from 0 to 100. The videos tested include a mixture of resolutions — including Full HD (FHD) and 4K / Ultra HD (UHD) — and are streamed directly from the world’s largest video content providers.
In addition to Video Experience, we report on the following metrics related to video experience:
After winning the Games Experience award in the previous report, Airtel retains the award in this report, winning outright with 70.6 points on a 100-point scale and leading second-placed Vi (69.9 points) by one point. Jio ranks third with 65.9 points, while BSNL is fourth with 56 points. Since the last report, BSNL’s score has increased by one point, while Jio’s score has decreased by two points and both Airtel’s and Vi’s scores have each decreased by one point. Vi, Airtel and Jio are all rated Fair (65-75), meaning users generally find the experience ‘average’ with gameplay usually responsive but with a noticeable delay between actions and outcomes, while BSNL is rated Poor (40-65), indicating most users find the experience unacceptable due to delays, lack of immediate feedback, and reduced controllability.
Opensignal’s Games Experience measures how mobile users experience real-time multiplayer mobile gaming on an operator’s network. Measured on a scale of 0-100, it analyzes how our users’ multiplayer mobile gaming experience is affected by mobile network conditions including latency, packet loss and jitter.
Games Experience quantifies the experience when playing real-time multiplayer mobile games on mobile devices connected to servers located around the world. The approach is built on several years of research quantifying the relationship between technical network parameters and the gaming experience as reported by real mobile users. These parameters include latency (round trip time), jitter (variability of latency) and packet loss (the proportion of data packets that never reach their destination). Additionally, it considers multiple genres of multiplayer mobile games to measure the average sensitivity to network conditions. The games tested include some of the most popular real-time multiplayer mobile games (such as Fortnite, Pro Evolution Soccer and Arena of Valor) played around the world.
Calculating Games Experience starts with measuring the end-to-end experience from users’ devices to internet end-points that host real games. The score is then measured on a scale from 0 to 100.
In addition to Games Experience, we report on the following metrics related to games experience:
In the previous report, Airtel won the Voice App Experience award, and in this report it retains the award outright with a score of 79.5 points on a 100-point scale, leading second-placed Vi (79.2 points) by less than one point. Jio ranks third with 78.2 points, while BSNL is fourth with 74 points. Since the last report, BSNL’s score has increased by one point, while Jio’s score has decreased by one point; Airtel’s and Vi’s scores have each decreased by less than one point. All operators place in the Acceptable (74-80) category, meaning some users are satisfied, but some experience perceptible call quality impairments such as short clicking sounds or distortion and/or insufficient volume, although listeners are generally able to comprehend without repetition.
Opensignal's Voice App Experience measures the quality of experience for over-the-top (OTT) voice services — mobile voice apps such as WhatsApp, Skype and Facebook Messenger — using a model derived from the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) approach for quantifying overall voice call quality and a series of calibrated technical parameters. This model characterizes the exact relationship between the technical measurements and perceived call quality. Voice App Experience for each operator is calculated on a scale from 0 to 100.
In addition to Voice App Experience, we report on the following metrics related to voice app experience:
Jio, which won the Download Speed Experience award in the previous report, retains the award in this report and now wins it outright with a score of 107.3Mbps, leading second-placed Airtel (58.2Mbps) by 49Mbps. Vi ranks third with 25.1Mbps, while BSNL places fourth with 9Mbps. Since the last report, Vi’s score has increased by 3Mbps, BSNL’s by 2Mbps, and Jio’s by 1Mbps, while Airtel’s score has decreased by less than one Mbps.
Measured in Mbps, Download Speed Experience represents the typical everyday speeds a user experiences across an operator’s mobile data networks.
In addition to Download Speed Experience, we report on the following metrics related to download speeds:
In the previous report, Jio won the Upload Speed Experience award, but in this report Airtel takes the award outright with a score of 8.4Mbps, leading second-placed Jio (8Mbps) by less than one Mbps. Vi ranks third with 5.9Mbps, while BSNL places fourth with 2.5Mbps. Compared with the previous report, BSNL and Vi each increased their scores by less than one Mbps, while both Jio and Airtel saw their scores decrease by 1Mbps.
Upload Speed Experience measures the average upload speeds for each operator observed by our users across their mobile data networks. Typically upload speeds are slower than download speeds, as current mobile broadband technologies focus resources on providing the best possible download speed for users consuming content on their devices. As mobile internet trends move away from downloading content to creating content and supporting real-time communications services, upload speeds are becoming more vital and new technologies are emerging that boost upstream capacity.
In addition to Upload Speed Experience, we report on five supporting metrics related to upload speeds:
In the previous report, Airtel won the 5G Video Experience award, but in this report Vi takes the award outright with a score of 73.9 points on a 100-point scale, leading second-placed Airtel (73.2 points) by one point, while Jio ranks third with 71.8 points. Since the last report, Airtel’s score has fallen by two points and Jio’s by one point, and all operators remain in the Very Good (68-78) category, meaning that our users are, on average, able to stream video at 1080p or better with satisfactory loading times and little stalling. 5G Video Experience scores account for adaptive bitrate streaming (ABR), a technology that allows Opensignal to accurately represent users' real video experience including video streams up to 4K quality.
5G Video Experience quantifies the quality of mobile video experienced by Opensignal users on real-world video streams when they were connected to 5G. The metric is based on an International Telecommunication Union (ITU) approach, built upon detailed studies which have derived a relationship between technical parameters, including picture quality, video loading time and stall rate, with the perceived video experience as reported by real people. To calculate 5G Video Experience, we are directly measuring video streams from end-user devices and using this ITU approach to quantify the video experience observed by our users on each operator’s 5G network on a scale from 0 to 100. The videos tested include a mixture of resolutions — including Full HD (FHD) and 4K / Ultra HD (UHD) — and are streamed directly from the world’s largest video content providers.
In the previous report, Airtel won the 5G Games Experience award, but in this report Vi takes the award outright with a score of 81.8 points on a 100-point scale, leading second-placed Airtel (80.2 points) by two points. Jio ranks third with 77.4 points. Since the last report, Airtel’s score has decreased by one point, while Jio’s score has decreased by less than one point. Vi, Airtel and Jio are all rated Good (75-85). A Good (75-85) rating means most users deem the experience acceptable, with generally controllable gameplay and immediate feedback between actions and outcomes, and most users do not experience a delay between their actions and the game; a Poor (40-65) rating means most users find the experience unacceptable, with the majority seeing delays, not receiving immediate feedback on their actions, and many feeling a lack of controllability.
5G Games Experience measures how mobile users experience real-time multiplayer mobile gaming on an operator's 5G network. It analyzes how our users’ multiplayer mobile gaming experience was affected by mobile network conditions including latency, packet loss and jitter. 5G Games Experience for each operator is calculated on a scale from 0 to 100.
5G Games Experience quantifies the experience when playing real-time multiplayer mobile games on mobile devices connected to servers located around the world. The approach is built on several years of research quantifying the relationship between technical network parameters and the gaming experience as reported by real mobile users. These parameters include latency (round trip time), jitter (variability of latency) and packet loss (the proportion of data packets that never reach their destination). Additionally, it considers multiple genres of multiplayer mobile games to measure the average sensitivity to network conditions. The games tested include some of the most popular real-time multiplayer mobile games (such as Fortnite, Pro Evolution Soccer and Arena of Valor) played around the world. Calculating 5G Games Experience starts with measuring the end-to-end experience from users’ devices to internet end-points that host real games.
In the previous report, Airtel won the 5G Voice App Experience award, but in this report Vi takes the award outright with a score of 83 points on a 100-point scale, leading second-placed Airtel (82.8) by less than one point. Jio ranks third with 81.9 points. Since the last report, Vi’s score has increased by one point, Jio’s score has decreased by less than one point, and Airtel’s score has not changed a significant amount. Vi, Airtel and Jio are rated Good (80-87). A Good (80-87) rating indicates many users are satisfied, with minor impairments for some users such as a background that is sometimes hazy or not loud enough, while clicking sounds or distortion are very rarely present. A Poor (66-74) rating indicates many users are dissatisfied, with many experiencing call quality impairments such as distortion, clicking sounds or silence during calls that are perceptible and may be annoying.
5G Voice App Experience quantifies the experience of Opensignal users when using over-the-top voice apps — such as WhatsApp, Skype and Facebook Messenger — on an operator’s 5G network. It uses a model derived from the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) approach for quantifying overall voice call quality and a series of calibrated technical parameters. This model characterizes the exact relationship between the technical measurements and perceived call quality. 5G Voice App Experience for each operator is calculated on a scale from 0 to 100.
In the previous report, Airtel won the 5G Download Speed award, but in this report Jio takes the award outright with a score of 198.9Mbps, leading second-placed Airtel’s 185.9Mbps by 13Mbps, while Vi ranks third at 134.8Mbps. Compared with the last report, Airtel’s score has decreased by 26Mbps and Jio’s score has decreased by 5Mbps.
5G Download Speed shows the average download speed experienced by Opensignal users across an operator’s 5G network. 5G Download Speed for each operator is calculated in Mbps (Megabits per second).
In the previous report, Airtel won the 5G Upload Speed award, and in this report it retains the award outright with a score of 19.3Mbps, leading second-placed Vi on 17Mbps by 2Mbps, while Jio ranks third on 13Mbps. Since the last report, Airtel’s score has decreased by 3Mbps and Jio’s score has decreased by 2Mbps.
5G Upload Speed measures the average upload speeds experienced by Opensignal users across an operator’s 5G network. 5G Upload Speed for each operator is calculated in Mbps (Megabits per second).
Jio, which won the Coverage Experience award in the previous report, retains the award in this report and now wins it outright with a score of 9.1 points on a 10-point scale, leading second-placed Airtel by two points (7.5 points). Vi ranks third with 4.1 points, while BSNL comes fourth with 1.5 points. Compared with the previous report, scores for all four operators—Airtel, Vi, BSNL, and Jio—have each increased by less than one point.
The Opensignal Coverage Experience metric measures the extent of mobile networks in the places people live, work and travel. The metric represents the experience users receive as they travel around areas where they would reasonably expect to find coverage.
Traditional coverage metrics typically estimate either a percentage of land area covered, or a percentage of population covered; often neither will be an accurate measurement of the true user expectation and experience. In many markets there are areas where neither population density nor geographic area reflect the importance of coverage to users. For example, in a large mountain range most users will not expect coverage in the wilderness, but poor coverage in the relatively small area of a ski resort is critical for the enjoyment of a holiday. Estimates based purely on population give undue significance to coverage in the most densely populated areas.
Coverage Experience measures geographic coverage of populated areas and therefore more accurately reflects the coverage expectations and experience of typical users. It can give a result that is somewhat different to traditional estimates based on either geographic or population measures. The metric uses a scale from 0 to 10.
Jio, which won the 5G Coverage Experience award in the previous report, wins it outright again in this report with a score of 5.5 points on a 10-point scale, leading second-placed Airtel by two points (3.2 points). Vi comes third with a score of 0.1 points. Since the previous report, Airtel’s score has increased by one point and Jio’s has also risen by one point, while Vi’s score has increased by less than one point.
The Opensignal Coverage Experience metric measures the extent of mobile networks in the places people live, work and travel. The metric represents the experience users receive as they travel around areas where they would reasonably expect to find coverage.
Traditional coverage metrics typically estimate either a percentage of land area covered, or a percentage of population covered; often neither will be an accurate measurement of the true user expectation and experience. In many markets there are areas where neither population density nor geographic area reflect the importance of coverage to users. For example, in a large mountain range most users will not expect coverage in the wilderness, but poor coverage in the relatively small area of a ski resort is critical for the enjoyment of a holiday. Estimates based purely on population give undue significance to coverage in the most densely populated areas.
Coverage Experience measures geographic coverage of populated areas and therefore more accurately reflects the coverage expectations and experience of typical users. It can give a result that is somewhat different to traditional estimates based on either geographic or population measures. The metric uses a scale from 0 to 10.
5G Coverage Experience shows the proportion of places Opensignal users with a 5G device and a 5G subscription had an active 5G connection.
After winning the Time on Network award in the previous report, Jio again takes the award in this report, winning outright with a score of 99.4% and leading second-placed Airtel (98.9%) by one percentage point. Vi ranks third with 96.2%, while BSNL places fourth with 85.6%. Compared with the previous report, BSNL’s score has increased by one percentage point, Airtel’s and Jio’s scores have each decreased by less than one percentage point, and Vi’s score hasn’t changed a significant amount. Prior to Q4 2025, Time on Network was referred to as Availability in Opensignal reports.
Our time on network and availability metrics are not measures of a network’s geographical extent. They won’t tell you whether you are likely to get a signal if you plan to visit a remote rural or nearly uninhabited region. Instead, they measure what proportion of time people have a network connection, in the places they most commonly frequent — something often missed by traditional coverage metrics. Looking at when users have a connection rather than where, provides us with a more precise reflection of the true user experience.
We also keep track of the instances that leave mobile users most frustrated: when there is no signal to connect to at all. The most common dead zones users struggle with occur indoors. As most of our time on network data is collected indoors (as that’s where users spend most of their time), we’re particularly astute at detecting areas of zero signal.
Our time on network and availability metrics take a user-centric, time-based approach that complements the user-centric and geographical-based methodology used by our reach metrics.
Time on Network shows the proportion of time all Opensignal users on an operator’s network had either a 3G, 4G or 5G connection.
We did not include this award metric in the previous report, but in this report Jio wins the 5G Availability award outright with a score of 69.2%, leading second-placed Airtel by two percentage points (67.4%). Vi ranks third with 32%. 5G Availability measures the percentage of time users with a 5G device and subscription detect a 5G signal, regardless of whether their data traffic is actively using 5G or remains anchored on 4G. The 5G Availability metric’s definition was updated in Q4 2025 as part of refinement of our metric framework.
Our time on network and availability metrics are not measures of a network’s geographical extent. They won’t tell you whether you are likely to get a signal if you plan to visit a remote rural or nearly uninhabited region. Instead, they measure what proportion of time people have a network connection, in the places they most commonly frequent — something often missed by traditional coverage metrics. Looking at when users have a connection rather than where, provides us with a more precise reflection of the true user experience.
We also keep track of the instances that leave mobile users most frustrated: when there is no signal to connect to at all. The most common dead zones users struggle with occur indoors. As most of our time on network data is collected indoors (as that’s where users spend most of their time), we’re particularly astute at detecting areas of zero signal.
Our time on network and availability metrics take a user-centric, time-based approach that complements the user-centric and geographical-based methodology used by our reach metrics.
5G Availability shows the proportion of time Opensignal users with a 5G device and a 5G subscription had a 5G connection, whether or not it was used.
In the previous report, Jio won the Consistent Quality award, and in this report it retains the award outright with a score of 68.9%, leading second-placed Airtel by six percentage points (62.7%). Vi ranks third with 56.2%, while BSNL is fourth with 21.4%. Since the last report, BSNL’s score has increased by eight percentage points and Jio’s has increased by two percentage points, while Airtel’s score has decreased by one percentage point and Vi’s has decreased by less than one percentage point. This metric measures whether the network is sufficient to support common mobile application requirements at a level that is ‘good enough’ for users to maintain (or complete) various typical demanding tasks on their devices, assessing experience indicators including download speed, upload speed, latency, jitter, packet loss, and time to first byte.
Consistent Quality measures if the network is sufficient to support common mobile application requirements at a level that is ‘good enough’ for users to maintain (or complete) various typical tasks on their devices.
We combine different experience indicators such as download throughput, upload throughput, latency, jitter, packet discard, and time to first byte to calculate Consistent Quality. These components are evaluated against thresholds recommended by various more demanding common applications used for a range of common tasks.
To calculate the metric value, the proportion of tests that pass the requirements of Consistent Quality is multiplied by the test success ratio, which is the proportion of completed tests to all tests conducted. Tests that pass indicate that activities such as video calling, uploading an image to social media, or using smart home applications will be possible without noticeable lag or slowdown.
After Jio won the Reliability Experience award in the previous report, it retains the title in this report, winning outright with 864 points on a 100-1000 point scale and leading second-placed Airtel (814 points) by 49 points. Vi ranks third with 766 points, while BSNL places fourth with 461 points. Since the last report, BSNL’s score has increased by 67 points and Jio’s has risen by three points, while Airtel’s score has fallen by 19 points and Vi’s has decreased by 11 points. Opensignal’s Reliability Experience measures the ability of our users to connect to and successfully complete (basic) tasks on operators’ networks, based on % time connected (the proportion of time Opensignal users can successfully connect to a mobile network), Data Connectivity (the proportion of time when the network is available and the device can connect to the internet), Task completion (whether tasks initiated by the user’s device are completed) and Sufficiency (the probability that (basic) tasks will be executed sufficiently well for the user).
Opensignal’s Reliability Experience measures the ability of Opensignal users to connect to and successfully complete (basic) tasks on communication service providers’ (CSP) networks. It analyzes how much Opensignal users’ experience is affected by the radio access and core network, along with issues that prevent them from connecting to the internet even if they have a connection to their CSP’s network. It also factors in users’ ability to successfully use lower performance applications including SD video, over-the-top voice calls and web browsing.
Collecting billions of individual measurements daily from over 100 million devices globally, Opensignal independently analyzes mobile and broadband user experience on every major network operator around the globe.
Opensignal is the leading global provider of independent insights into consumers' connectivity experiences and choice of carrier. Our proprietary insights into mobile and broadband networks give operators the solutions they need to profitably compete and win, from executive level scorecards and public validation to pin-point level engineering analytics and consumer decision dynamics.
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For every metric we calculate statistical confidence intervals indicated on our graphs. When confidence intervals overlap, our measured results are too close to declare a winner. In those cases, we show a statistical draw. For this reason, some metrics have multiple operator winners.
In our bar graphs we represent confidence intervals as boundaries on either sides of graph bars.
In our supporting-metric charts we show confidence intervals as +/- numerical values.
Why confidence intervals are vital in analyzing mobile network experience